The EN 1092-1 standard is an essential resource for piping designers and engineers across Europe. It sets out the requirements for a wide range of flange types and face types used in industrial piping systems, and ensures that these components are manufactured to a consistent standard.
In this article:
- What every piping engineer should know about the EN 1092-1 standard
- Based on different DIN standards for flanges
- Industries where EN 1092-1 flanges are used
- EN1092-1 Flange types and their applications
- EN1092-1 Pressure ratings
- EN1092-1 Face types and their applications
- Materials for EN 1092-1 flanges
- Choosing the right flange type and material
- How to identify an EN1092-1 flange
- Manufacturing of EN1092-1 flanges
- EN 1092-1 versus ANSI/ASME
- EN 1092-1 DIMENSIONS & FREE CAD FILES
What every piping engineer should know about the EN 1092-1 standard
- Firstly, the EN 1092-1 standard provides a common language for designers, manufacturers, and end-users of flanges. By using standardized codes and terminology, it ensures that everyone involved in the design and construction of industrial piping systems is on the same page. This reduces the risk of miscommunication and ensures that flanges are specified and manufactured correctly.
- Secondly, the standard provides guidance on the selection of flange types and face types based on their application. Different flange types are suitable for different pressure ratings and temperatures, and the choice of face type can have a significant impact on the performance of the joint. By following the guidance set out in the standard, designers can select the most appropriate components for their specific application, ensuring that the piping system is safe, reliable, and efficient.
- Thirdly, the EN 1092-1 standard ensures that flanges and face types are manufactured to a consistent standard. This ensures that the components are of a high quality and fit for purpose, reducing the risk of leaks, failures, and downtime. By specifying components that meet the requirements of the standard, designers can have confidence that their piping systems will perform as intended.
In summary, the EN 1092-1 standard is an essential resource for piping designers across Europe. By providing a common language, guidance on component selection, and a consistent standard for manufacturing, it ensures that industrial piping systems are safe, reliable, and efficient. Every piping designer in Europe should be familiar with this standard and incorporate its requirements into their design process.
A worldwide accepted standard
The EN1092-1 standard is one of the most commonly used standards for flanges worldwide, and this is due to several reasons:
- Wide range of applications: Flanges according to the EN1092-1 standard are suitable for a wide range of applications in various industries, including the chemical, petrochemical, food, pharmaceutical, oil and gas, energy generation, and water treatment industries. As a result, these flanges are widely used globally.
- Standardization: The EN1092-1 standard is an internationally recognized standard, which ensures uniformity and consistency in the dimensions and specifications of flanges. This allows components from different manufacturers to be easily connected to each other, improving interchangeability and compatibility.
- Strength and reliability: Flanges according to the EN1092-1 standard are manufactured from high-quality materials such as steel and stainless steel, which provide strength, durability, and reliability in different environments and applications. As a result, they are suitable for use in harsh conditions and critical applications where high performance and reliability are required.
Based on the DIN standards for flanges
The EN1092-1 standards for flanges are indeed based on the DIN standards for flanges. This is because the European Norm (EN) for flanges was developed by the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN), which is responsible for establishing European standards. The CEN utilized existing national standards, including the German Industrial Norm (DIN) for flanges, during the development of the EN1092-1 standards.
The DIN standards for flanges, such as DIN 2501, DIN 2543, DIN 2544, and DIN 2545, were well-established norms in Germany and widely used in the industry. These standards contained specifications and guidelines regarding dimensions, materials, pressure and temperature ratings, and installation requirements for flanges.
When developing the EN1092-1 standards, the CEN used the DIN standards as a foundation and modified them to meet European needs and standards. As a result, the DIN standards were transformed into European standards that are valid in all European Union member states and other countries that have adopted the EN standards.
The EN1092-1 standards for flanges now encompass various series, such as PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160, which correspond to the pressure ratings of the DIN standards. They also define the dimensions, tolerances, materials, and other technical specifications for flanges used in various industries, such as the chemical industry, oil and gas industry, energy sector, and construction sector.
By basing the EN1092-1 standards on the DIN standards, consistency and uniformity have been achieved in European flange standards. This facilitates interchangeability of flanges between different countries and manufacturers, promoting compatibility and safety in the industry.
Industries where EN1092-1 flanges are used
| Industry | Application of EN1092-1 Flanges |
|---|---|
| Chemical industry | Piping systems for chemical processing |
| Petrochemical industry | Piping systems for refining and processing of petroleum and natural gas |
| Food industry | Piping systems for food processing and packaging |
| Pharmaceutical industry | Piping systems for drug manufacturing and packaging |
| Oil and gas industry | Piping systems for offshore and onshore oil and gas exploration and production |
| Energy generation industry | Piping systems for power generation plants |
| Water treatment industry | Piping systems for water treatment plants |
| Shipbuilding and marine industry | Piping systems for ships and offshore installations |
| Construction industry | Piping systems for infrastructure projects such as bridges and tunnels |
| Mining and minerals industry | Piping systems for transport of minerals and other materials |
| Paper and pulp industry | Piping systems for pulp and chemical transport in paper mills |
| Waste management industry | Piping systems for transport and treatment of waste and wastewater |
| Aerospace industry | Piping systems for aircraft and spacecraft |
EN1092-1 Flange types and their applications
| Type Number | Flange Type | Application |
|---|---|---|
| Type 01 | Plate Flange for Welding | General purpose flange for welding to pipes or fittings |
| Type 02 | Loose Plate Flange | Used in conjunction with a weld-on plate collar (type32) or a lapped pipe end flange (type 33) |
| Type 04 | Loose Plate Flange | Used in conjunction with a welding neck collar (type 34) |
| Type 05 | Blind Flange | Used to seal the end of a pipeline, vessel, or tank |
| Type 11 | Weld Neck Flange | High pressure and high temperature applications, used with butt-welded pipes |
| Type 12 | Hubbed Slip-On Flange for Welding | Used with slip-on welding pipes or fittings, with a hub to reduce stress at the base of the flange |
| Type 13 | Hubbed Threaded Flange | Used for low-pressure applications with threaded pipes or fittings |
| Type 21 | Integral Flange | Used for high-pressure applications with socket-welded pipes or fittings |
| Type 32 | Weld-on Plate Collar | Used in heavy duty applications with a loose plate flange |
| Type 33 | Lapped Pipe End Flange | Used for connections with stub ends or taft ends |
| Type 34 | Welding Neck Collar | Used in conjunction with a type 04 loose flange. |
| Type 35 | Anchor Flange | Used for restraining pipelines against axial movement or pressure loads |
| Type 36 | Integral/Loose Flange | Combines the features of integral and loose flanges for versatility in various applications |
| Type 37 | Threaded Collar | Used in conjunction with a threaded flange for low-pressure applications |
EN1092-1 Pressure ratings
The EN1092-1 standard utilizes a system of pressure classes known as PN (Pressure Nominal) to classify flanges. PN is a European designation that represents the nominal pressure rating for a flange. The PN system is based on the maximum working pressure in bars that a flange can withstand under normal operating conditions.
The PN pressure classes in the EN1092-1 standard are defined by specific numerical values such as PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, and so on. These numerical values indicate the maximum allowable working pressure for the flange in bars. For example, PN16 denotes a flange with a maximum working pressure of 16 bar.
The EN1092-1 standard includes various types of flanges, and each type has its own corresponding PN pressure classes. These pressure classes are selected based on the intended application and the required working pressure for a specific flange connection.
It is important to note that the PN pressure classes used in the EN1092-1 standard are specific to Europe and may differ from other pressure rating systems used in different regions, such as ANSI/ASME or JIS standards. Therefore, when working with the EN1092-1 standard, it is crucial to ensure compatibility with the specific pressure class requirements and consider any applicable local regulations and codes.
| Type Number | Flange Type | Available Pressure Ratings (PN) |
|---|---|---|
| Type 01 | Plate Flange for Welding | PN 2.5 to PN 400 |
| Type 02 | Loose Plate Flange with Weld-On Plate Collar | PN 2.5 to PN 40 |
| Type 05 | Blind Flange | PN 2.5 to PN 400 |
| Type 11 | Weld Neck Flange | PN 6 to PN 100 |
| Type 12 | Hubbed Slip-On Flange for Welding | PN 6 to PN 100 |
| Type 13 | Hubbed Threaded Flange | PN 6 to PN 40 |
| Type 21 | Integral Flange | PN 6 to PN 100 |
| Type 32 | Weld-on Plate Collar | PN 2.5 to PN 40 |
| Type 33 | Lapped Pipe End Flange | PN 2.5 to PN 40 |
| Type 34 | Welding Neck Collar | PN 6 to PN 100 |
| Type 35 | Anchor Flange | PN 2.5 to PN 10 |
| Type 36 | Integral/Loose Flange | PN 6 to PN 100 |
| Type 37 | Threaded Collar | PN 2.5 to PN 40 |
EN1092-1 Face types and their applications
| Face Type | Code | Application |
|---|---|---|
| Type A – Flat Face | 01 | Used for non-critical applications where the mating flange or gasket has a flat face. |
| Type B – Raised Face | 02 | Used for low to medium pressures and general-purpose applications, where the mating flange or gasket has a raised face. |
| Type C – Tongue and Groove | 03 | Used for high-pressure, high-temperature applications and critical services, where the flanges have a tongue and groove design to prevent movement and ensure alignment. |
| Type D – Male and Female | 04 | Used for vacuum and high-pressure applications, where the flanges have a male and female design to provide a tight seal. |
| Type E – Spigot | 05 | Used for underground pipelines, where the flanges have a spigot design for easy installation and removal. |
| Type F – Ring Joint | 11 | Used for high-pressure and high-temperature applications, where the flanges have a groove for a metal ring gasket. |
| Type G – Lens Ring | 12 | Used for high-pressure and high-temperature applications, where the flanges have a groove for a lens ring gasket. |
Materials for EN 1092-1 flanges
EN 1092-1 flanges can be made in dozens of different materials. In the table below you will find the 15 most commonly used materials with their properties.
In the last column you will find a price breakdown from 1 to 10, with 10 being the most expensive option. It is very important from a price point of view to choose the right material.
| No. | Material Grade | Steel Type | Description | Cost (1-10) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | P250GH | Carbon Steel | Carbon steel for moderate temperature service | 2 |
| 2 | P280GH | Carbon Steel | Carbon steel for high temperature service | 2 |
| 3 | 16Mo3 | Low Alloy Steel | Low alloy steel for high temperature service | 3 |
| 4 | 13CrMo4-5 | Chrome Moly Steel | Chrome molybdenum steel for high temperature service | 4 |
| 5 | 10CrMo9-10 | Chrome Moly Steel | Chrome molybdenum steel for high temperature service | 5 |
| 6 | S235JR | Carbon Steel | Mild steel for low temperature service | 1 |
| 7 | S355J2G3 | Carbon Steel | Structural steel for low temperature service | 2 |
| 8 | C22.8 | Carbon Steel | Low carbon steel for low temperature service | 2 |
| 9 | RSt37.2 | Carbon Steel | Low carbon steel for low temperature service | 2 |
| 10 | 304/304L | Stainless Steel | Austenitic stainless steel for general service | 6 |
| 11 | 316/316L | Stainless Steel | Austenitic stainless steel for general service | 7 |
| 12 | 321/321H | Stainless Steel | Austenitic stainless steel for high temperature service | 8 |
| 13 | 347/347H | Stainless Steel | Austenitic stainless steel for high temperature service | 9 |
| 14 | F51 | Duplex Stainless Steel | Duplex stainless steel | 10 |
| 15 | F53 | Super Duplex Stainless Steel | Super duplex stainless steel | 10 |
Choosing the right flange type and material is very important
There can be significant price differences between different types of flanges due to differences in design, material, and manufacturing processes.
For example, Type A flanges with a flat face are typically the least expensive because they are the simplest in design and require less machining. On the other hand, Type C flanges with a tongue and groove design are more complex and require more machining, making them more expensive.
The material used for the flange can also impact the price. For example, flanges made of exotic materials such as titanium or Hastelloy will generally be more expensive than those made of more common materials like carbon steel or stainless steel.
In addition to design and material, the manufacturing process can also impact the price of a flange. Flanges that require more specialized machining or finishing processes, such as Type F ring joint flanges, may be more expensive due to the additional labor and equipment required.
Overall, it’s important for piping designers and engineers to carefully consider the application requirements and select the most appropriate flange type based on factors such as pressure rating, temperature, and material compatibility, while also considering the cost implications.
How to identify an EN1092-1 flange
You can identify an EN1092-1 flange by checking its markings or by measuring its dimensions. The flange markings should include the following information:
- EN1092-1 standard designation
- Flange type number (e.g., Type 01, Type 11, etc.)
- Nominal size (DN)
- Pressure rating (PN)
The markings may also include the manufacturer’s name or trademark, and the material specification. These markings should be stamped or cast onto the flange itself.
Another way to identify an EN1092-1 flange is by measuring its dimensions. The flange dimensions, including the bolt hole pattern and the thickness of the flange, are standardized for each type of flange. By measuring these dimensions and comparing them to the EN1092-1 standard, you can determine whether a flange is compliant with the standard.
It is important to ensure that any flange you use is compliant with the EN1092-1 standard to ensure safe and reliable operation.
Manufacturing of EN1092-1 flanges
EN1092-1 flanges can be made using a variety of manufacturing processes, including casting, forging, and machining. The exact process used will depend on the type of flange, the material being used, and the manufacturer’s capabilities.
For example, a Type 01 plate flange may be produced by cutting a circular piece of plate material to the required dimensions and then drilling the bolt holes. The flange may then be machined to achieve a smooth surface finish and the appropriate thickness. In contrast, a Type 11 welding neck flange may be produced by forging a circular piece of material and then machining the inside diameter, outside diameter, and bolt hole pattern. The neck of the flange is then welded to a pipe or fitting.
In general, the manufacturing process for EN1092-1 flanges involves shaping the material into the required dimensions and then machining or finishing the flange to meet the standard’s specifications. The process may also involve heat treatment, such as annealing or quenching, to achieve the desired material properties.
It is important to note that the manufacturing process used for EN1092-1 flanges can impact their quality, reliability, and performance. As such, it is important to purchase flanges from reputable manufacturers who adhere to strict quality control standards and use appropriate manufacturing processes.
EN 1092-1 Versus ANSI/ASME
EN1092-1 flange standard is a widely used European standard for flanges that specifies the dimensions, materials, and pressure ratings of various types of flanges. Its main counterpart in the United States is the ANSI/ASME flange standard.
The ANSI/ASME flange standard, which is developed by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), specifies the dimensions, materials, and pressure ratings of flanges used in the United States. The ANSI/ASME standard includes many of the same types of flanges as the EN1092-1 standard, but there are some differences in the design and dimensions of the flanges.
While both standards are widely used in their respective regions, there are some key differences between them. For example, the ANSI/ASME flange standard uses a different bolt hole pattern and bolt sizes than the EN1092-1 standard. Additionally, the pressure ratings and materials allowed for use in the flanges may also differ between the two standards.
It is important to note that while these standards are the main flange standards used in their respective regions, there are some other important flange standards used around the world, including the Japanese JIS, the British BS, and the German DIN standards.